Incentives, discounts and other inducements are most supported policies to help tackle climate change

A new 34-country survey of over 22,500 respondents looking at citizen support for policies to help tackle climate change highlights those that apply incentivisation, discounting and other inducements are more popular than taxation or reduced choice.

• Reflecting rising awareness of climate change, an average of almost 7 in 10 (68%) citizens across the 34 countries are willing to accept new policies encouraging sustainable technology adoptions.
• In mobility, a policy giving more road space to pedestrians and cyclists has support from half (49%) of those surveyed globally, this is aligned with Singaporeans (49%), but in Indonesia, three-quarters (75%) of citizens say they would support this at the expense of space for motorists. High levels of support are also seen in Peru (71%), Mexico (70%) and Thailand (67%). Support is considerably lower in Canada and the United States (34%), Australia (32%) and Japan (28%).
• Taxation on certain foodstuffs to tackle climate change is an unpopular option. Globally, having a higher tax on red meat and dairy products is opposed by 4 in 10 (40%) and only 1 in 3 (29%) say they would support the policy. In Singapore, 27% oppose this policy while 32% say they would support it.
• When it comes to whose responsibility it is to educate the public on climate change, the responsibility is squarely placed with government departments and ministers/elected officials (59%). Although there are notable differences in opinion when looking at individual countries such as China, Colombia, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Canada, France, Great Britain, and Spain

Policy support varies by topic and region

The most popular policy, with an average of almost 7 in 10 (68%) citizens across the 34 countries surveyed saying they would support it, was for government spending on subsidies to make environmentally friendly technologies cheaper (e.g., solar panels, electric vehicles). This is a similar sentiment shared by 67% of Singaporeans.

More than half (a global average of 59%) would also support changing product pricing to make environmentally friendly products cheaper (conversely environmentally damaging products more expensive).

• Singaporeans are aligned with the global average with 58% who say they would support such a policy. • Countries with the highest levels of support are Indonesia (74%), Mexico (72%), Colombia and Chile (both 71%).

Providing incentives for investing in green financial products and services (e.g., pensions) also receives strong support globally (59%)

• In Singapore, this policy is more strongly supported (65%).
• This policy, however, is less popular across several European countries, the US (48%), and Canada (48%). Giving more road space to pedestrians and cyclists at the expense of motorists is the fourth most popular policy globally (49%). A similar proportion of Singaporeans would support this policy (49%).

An average of approximately 2 in 5 citizens globally would support the policies of taxing more environmentally damaging travel (39% Global average / 40% Singapore), requiring all food outlets to provide vegan options (37% Global average / 35% Singapore) and banning petrol/gas- and diesel-powered vehicles from the central areas in cities and towns to create vehicle-free zones (37% Global average / 40% Singapore).

• Opposition to these policies increases notably with a quarter to a third of citizens globally saying they would oppose them (30%, 24% and 31% respectively / 22%, 24% and 20% respectively in Singapore).

Two in 5 citizens globally would oppose policies for higher taxes on red meat and dairy products (40%) and higher taxes on non-renewable energy sources such as gas and oil for heating and cooking (42%) as less than a third (29%) say they would support either policy.

• In Singapore, much fewer oppose these policies, 27% oppose higher taxes on red meat and dairy products (32% supportive) and 28% oppose higher taxes on non-renewable energy sources such as gas and oil for heating and cooking (38% supportive)

Whose responsibility is it to educate the public?

Ipsos observed that lack of action by citizens to engage in and change their behaviours towards having a smaller carbon footprint is often driven more by a lack of understanding than it is by lack of will/intent (i.e., the believe-true gap). This indicates the need for better education of citizens.

There is notable consensus at a global level that the responsibility for educating the public on climate change lies with government departments and ministers/elected officials (59%). Just over 4 in 10 think it is the responsibility of local governments and just over a third (34%) would consider news media to be responsible. Then scientists (27%), schools (24%), business (20%) and environmental campaigners/activist groups (19%).

In Singapore, 61% place the responsibility with the government and 31% say the responsibility lies with businesses. About 1 in 4 Singaporeans say the responsibility lie with the news media (25%) and schools (23%).

Country variations

• In China (68%) and Colombia (53%), the highest level of responsibility for educating the public on climate change is considered to lie with local government (vs. global average of 43%).
• In Peru (58%) and Saudi Arabia (43%) citizens suggest the media has the greatest responsibility for driving education on climate change (vs. global average of 34%).
• Scientists come fourth in terms of responsibility for climate education based on the global average (27%) but are second in Canada (40%), France (35%) and Great Britain (35%).
• Spain stands out with citizens choosing schools (37%) as having responsibility for climate education vs. a global average of 24%.