Employment

Workplace Discrimination

Age is the largest determinant of whether a person is likely to be ill-treated in the workplace, according to new research from MORI. The survey — Diversity Matters — conducted for The Guardian and TMP Worldwide, shows nearly a quarter (23%) of British employees claim to have fallen victim to discrimination, bullying or harassment at work. This rises to 37% of older workers (over 55s). Ill treatment because of age is higher than that due to gender, race or sexuality, and is marginally higher than that because of disability.

13.10.03

Age is the largest determinant of whether a person is likely to be ill-treated in the workplace, according to new research from MORI. The survey -- Diversity Matters -- conducted for The Guardian and TMP Worldwide, shows nearly a quarter (23%) of British employees claim to have fallen victim to discrimination, bullying or harassment at work. This rises to 37% of older workers (over 55s). Ill treatment because of age is higher than that due to gender, race or sexuality, and is marginally higher than that because of disability.

A third of employees (32% -- which translates to around nine million people) believe that discrimination exists in their workplace. The project also shows that people who perceive discrimination to exist in their workplace are less satisfied with virtually all aspects of their working lives, compared to those who perceive their organisation to be non-discriminatory.

The research also strongly indicates that, leaving aside the moral or ethical arguments in its favour, diversity is something worth striving for, as employees in culturally diverse workplaces rate their working lives more highly. They are more satisfied, more secure and more likely to 'talk up' their employer. However, only two in five workers (42%) think their organisation makes the most of its staff's diversity.

Technical details

MORI adopted a two-stage research approach during July and August 2003. Firstly, extensive qualitative research (18 mini-groups and 16 depth interviews) was conducted with a diverse array of respondents.

The quantitative element of the survey was based on five waves of the MORI face-to-face Omnibus, where 4,605 sampled individuals in work or looking for work were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire on discrimination and 1,525 replied. In addition, MORI undertook 279 booster telephone interviews with middle class (ABC1) people who were either from an ethnic minority, lesbian/gay/bisexual or who had a disability. Data have been weighted to the known profile of the working population.

Topline Results

13 October 2003

1,804 Adults aged 18-64
Self-completion questionnaire with top-up telephone interviews among minority groups
Data weighted to the uk working population
Fieldwork 26 June-20 August 2003
An asterisk indicates a percentage less than 0.5% But greater than zero
Base "all" unless otherwise stated

Q1 What type of organisation do you work for (if unemployed, please answer for your most recent employment)?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Privately owned company	45
Public sector organisation	29
Educational establishment	9
Self-employed	5
Charity/voluntary organisation	3
Other	3
Co-operative	1
Not stated	5

Q2 What area of business is your organisation involved in (if unemployed, please answer for your most recent employment)?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Retail/distribution	13
Education	12
Health sector/medicine	10
Manufacturing	6
Building and construction/architecture/planning	5
Civil service/local government	5
Hotel/catering	5
Transport	5
Engineering	4
Finance/banking	4
Social services/welfare	3
Media/publishing/printing	2
Armed forces/police/prison service	2
Charity/voluntary	2
Agriculture/forestry/fishing	1
Art/design/fashion	1
Computing/IT	1
Housing	1
Law	1
Pharmaceuticals	1
Telecommunications	1
Utilities	1
Performing Arts	*
Other	11
Not stated	1

Q3 How long have you worked for your current employer?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Up to 1 year	18
Between 1 and 2 years	14
Between 2 and 5 years	21
Between 5 and 10 years	16
Between 10 and 15 years	9
More than 15 years	15
Currently unemployed	6
Not stated	2

Q4 Here are a number of things that people have said about their employer. Thinking about your experiences at your current (most recent) employer, please mark the extent to which you agree or disagree with each of the following:

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	Strongly agree	Tend to agree	Neither agree nor disagree	Tend to disagree	Strongly disagree	Don't know / No opinion	Not stated
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Morale is good in my organisation	13	35	9	24	14	1	3
If asked by a friend, I would recommend my current employer as a place to work	18	38	10	16	13	1	3
I think it is safe to speak up and challenge the way things are done in my organisation	20	39	9	16	11	1	3
I believe that my organisation is an equal opportunities employer	35	42	8	5	5	1	4
The workforce at my organisation is culturally diverse	20	36	14	13	7	6	4
My organisation tries to help employees balance work and home life	18	31	16	16	13	3	3
I intend looking for a new job if the market improves	16	20	15	17	22	7	4
I feel that stress at work is affecting my personal life	11	23	15	26	21	2	3

Q5 Below is a list of things that any job may offer. Please indicate how satisfied or dissatisfied you are with each of these factors in your current (most recent) job?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	Very satisfied	Fairly satisfied	Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	Fairly dissatisfied	Very dissatisfied	Don't know / No opinion	Not stated
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Pay	9	51	8	18	11	1	2
Benefits package (e.g. pensions)	11	39	16	12	10	9	3
Interesting work	25	41	11	11	6	1	4
Adequate resources to do your job	15	43	11	19	9	1	3
Receiving sufficient training	18	41	15	14	7	2	3
Career opportunities	10	32	21	17	13	4	3
Feeling that you are part of a team	25	44	10	12	6	2	2
Managerial support	18	34	13	16	13	2	2
Job security	22	40	13	11	9	2	2
Making the best use of your skills and ability	19	40	13	16	9	1	2
Opportunity to show initiative	24	38	14	13	7	1	2
Receiving praise for good work	20	35	14	15	14	1	2
Actual hours worked	17	46	12	13	9	2	3
Flexible working practices (e.g. working from home, flexible hours)	16	25	22	12	12	10	3
Equality of opportunity	19	38	19	9	6	6	2

Q6a Does your current (most recent) employer have formal equal opportunities and diversity policies?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	Equal opportunities	Diversity
	%	%
Yes	53	34
I think so	15	16
No	10	12
Don't know	19	30
Not stated	3	8

Q6b (If YES) have you read it?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Equal opportunities	28
Diversity	17

Q7 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements about equal opportunities and diversity policies in the workplace:

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	Strongly agree	Tend to agree	Neither agree nor disagree	Tend to disagree	Strongly disagree	Don't know / No opinion	Not stated
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Thinking about equal opportunity policies ...
they are unfair to non-minority groups	6	16	19	29	18	10	2
they are difficult to implement	5	28	18	26	10	9	3
they are necessary to ensure equality for everyone	26	42	13	7	3	6	3
people below managerial level do not take any notice of them	5	27	21	26	9	10	2
people at managerial level do not take any notice of them	5	15	20	33	13	11	2
I believe ...
that my organisation values diversity	17	36	17	10	3	13	4
my immediate manager values diversity	18	32	18	10	5	14	4
that my colleagues value diversity	14	36	20	12	3	12	4
that my employer makes the most of the diversity of its workforce	12	30	20	16	6	13	4
that my employer focuses too much on diversity in the workforce	3	8	27	31	12	14	4

Q8 To what extent do you agree, or disagree, that at your current (most recent) organisation the following are fair and based on merit?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	Strongly agree	Tend to agree	Neither agree nor disagree	Tend to disagree	Strongly disagree	Don't know / No opinion	Not stated
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Recruitment of new people	20	44	11	13	5	5	3
Promotion and progression	14	31	15	21	10	6	3
Training and development	16	40	15	15	7	4	3
Pay and perks	10	31	18	20	13	6	3

Q9 From what you have seen, which three of the following are the most important for people to have/do in order to get on in your current (most recent) organisation?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Be very good at their job	47
Be flexible/adaptable	45
Be prepared to work long hours	27
Be efficient	26
Be the best person for the job	24
Be totally committed to the company	19
Know the right people	17
Toe the line	15
Face must fit	16
Suck up to the boss	11
Have a high profile	10
Be assertive	10
Socialise with the right people	8
Have been at the organisation for a long time	8
Have high academic qualifications	6
Dress smartly	6
Be loud	4
Compromise cultural/religious beliefs to be like everyone else	4
Be young	3
Dress conservatively	2
Be white	1
Be middle class	1
Dress fashionably	1
Not stated	3

Q10 In the past 12 months, do you feel that you have been bullied, harassed or discriminated against by anyone in your current (most recent) organisation as a result of any the following? a) bullied or harassed b) discriminated against

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	a) bullied or harassed	b) discriminated against
	%	%
Your age	3	6
Your qualification level	2	4
Your gender	3	3
Flexible working e.g. job share, part time, working from home	2	3
Domestic responsibilities, e.g. family commitments	4	3
Your sexuality	2	2
Your disability	1	2
Educational background	2	2
Your accent	2	2
Your physical appearance	2	2
Your race/ethnicity	1	1
Your religion	1	1
Your class	1	1
Language difficulties	*	1
The clothes you wear	2	1
Trade union membership	1	1
Other	2	1
None of these	56	53
Not stated	30	32
Any reason	15	16

Q10c (If YES) Can you please describe your experience? What happened and why you think it happened to you?

Base:(426)

	%
Ageism	6
Lack of understanding when have personal/home problems	6
Employers threatened by my knowledge/experience/jealousy	5
Shouted/sworn at/bullied in front of other people	5
My accent/the way I speak	3
Ethnicity/race	3
Gender	3
No support/help during/after illness	3
Sexual harassment	2
Not given same responsibilities/chances/perks as I'm part time	2
Don't understand/respect family commitments	2
Sexuality	2
The way I dress/look/overweight appearance	2
Discriminated due to disability	1
Other	21
Not stated	41

Q11 Which of the following apply to your current (most recent) job?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	Yes	No	Don't know	Not stated
	%	%	%	%
There is a formal complaints procedure in place at my organisation	67	13	16	4
I would feel able to report the situation without worrying that this would have a negative impact on my job/career	56	28	13	3

Q12 If you felt that you were being bullied, harassed or discriminated against, who would you turn to for help and advice?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
My manager/supervisor	59
Another manager in the organisation	20
HR department	18
Friends at work	41
Friends/family outside of work	41
The Union/worker organisation	30
Citizens Advice Bureau	21
ACAS (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service)	10
Equal Opportunities Commission	9
Commission for Racial Equality	6
Disability Rights Commission	4
Other	5
Don't know	3
Not stated	3

Q13a Have you ever made a formal complaint about discrimination?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Yes	8
No	90
Not stated	2

Q13b (If YES) How do you feel about the outcome?

Base: 136

	%
Very satisfied	10
Fairly satisfied	11
Neither satisfied nor unsatisfied	9
Fairly satisfied	11
Very satisfied	38
Outcome not yet decided	2
Don't know	13
Not stated	6

Q14a Do you believe that discrimination exists at your workplace?

	%
Yes	32
No	48
Unsure/Don't know	19
Not stated	3

Q14b If yes, where does this discrimination come from?

Base: 605

	%
People who work for me	8
Peers/colleagues at my level	39
Line manager/people I report to	46
Senior management	55
Not stated	9

Q14c If yes, do you think the managers in your organisation know this discrimination exists?

Base: 605

	%
Yes, line managers	55
Yes, senior management	53
No	22
Not stated	7

Q15 Which of the following do you think your current (most recent) organisation should do to prevent discrimination at your workplace?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Communicate to everyone that discrimination is unacceptable	58
Come down hard on people who are found to discriminate	48
Train all staff in this area	47
Train managers in this area	41
Promote a formal policy internally	38
Ensure a diverse workforce at all levels	31
Provide an independent helpline	30
Nothing/no action required	10
Other	2
Don't know	7
Not stated	4

Q16 Which one of the following statements comes closest to describing the level you aspire to reach in your career?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
I have no aspirations to progress my career	22
Supervisor level	10
Management level	12
Senior manager level	9
Company director level	3
Managing director or chief executive officer	2
Have my own business	10
Achieve professional status	8
Not relevant to my industry/organisation	15
Don't know	7
Not stated	2

Q17 What five, if any, of the following are the most important factors when choosing a job to apply for?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Good level of pay	79
What the job involves day-to day	50
Easy to get to/close to home	42
Job security	41
Career prospects	40
The hours	40
Secure/stable organisation	28
Training prospects	27
Good perks/benefits	21
Reputation of organisation	18
Family friendly policies	16
A good chance of getting the job	14
Flexitime	14
Equal opportunities policy	11
Well known organisation	8
Ethical stance of organisation	6
Opportunities to travel	5
Small company	5
Large company	4
Environmental record of organisation	4
Knew/know somebody who works for the organisation	4
Industrial relations record	3
Takes into account cultural/religious beliefs	3
Has disability access facilities	3
Not stated	3

Q18 Were you to look for a new job in the near future, which of the following sources of information do you think you would use, and which have you found useful in the past? Where did you find out about your current/last job?

	a) would use	b) have found useful in the past	c) found out about current/last job
	%	%	%
Local newspapers	72	52	21
Family/friends	47	32	19
Job centre	46	29	7
National newspapers	43	24	7
Trade magazines/specialist press	35	19	6
Company web sites	29	13	3
Recruitment/job fairs	20	9	2
Library	15	6	*
Company brochures	15	6	2
Recruitment agencies	34	20	8
Networking/colleagues/work contacts	34	19	9
Head-hunters	9	3	2
Community organisations	8	2	1
Minority press e.g. Asian Times, Diversity Today, The Voice	7	2	*
Minority web-sites e.g. Asian online, Disabilitynow.org, The Voice Online	6	1	*
None of these	2	2	7
Don't know / Can't remember	*	1	2
Not stated	4	14	18

Q19 How often do you read job adverts?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Always	25
Occasionally	47
Only when job hunting	19
Never	8
Not stated	1

Q20 When looking at job advertisements, which five of the following are most important to you?

	%
Pay/Salary	88
Location	74
Job description/responsibilities	68
Job hours	51
Qualifications required	41
Career prospects	31
Benefits	23
Personal qualities required	19
Job title	16
Holiday entitlement	16
Training and development details	14
Pension details	13
Where to go for further information	7
Equality and diversity policies	6
Company web-site address	2

Q21 a) Which of the following publications, if any, have you ever looked in for job advertisements? b) Which, if any, have you found useful in the past? c) If looking for a job in the near future, which, if any, would you look in?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	a) ever looked in	b) found useful	c) would use in future
	%	%	%
Daily Newspapers	71	57	64
The Guardian	13	8	12
Evening Standard	9	5	8
The Times	9	4	8
Daily Telegraph	8	4	8
Daily Mail	7	3	6
Metro	6	4	6
Daily Express	6	2	5
The Independent	5	2	5
Financial Times	4	2	5
The Mirror	5	2	3
The Sun	5	2	3
The Herald	4	2	3
The Scotsman	2	1	2
The Star	2	1	2
Any regional daily newspaper	51	42	48
Sunday Newspapers	21	13	18
Sunday Times	5	3	5
The Observer	3	1	3
Mail on Sunday	3	2	2
News of the World	3	1	2
Independent on Sunday	2	1	2
Sunday Telegraph	2	1	2
The People	2	1	1
The Business	1	1	1
Scotland on Sunday	1	*	1
Sunday Herald	1	*	1
Sunday Mirror	1	*	1
Any regional Sunday newspaper	8	6	8
Other Publications Local newspaper	56	45	49
Any business/trade magazine	19	15	18
The Voice	2	1	2
Asian Times	1	*	1
Catholic Herald	1	*	1
Eastern Eye	1	*	1
Diversity Today	*	*	1
Jewish Chronicle	*	*	1
Not stated	14	28	22

Q22 a) Which of the following internet sites, if any, have you ever looked at for job advertisements? b) Which, if any, have you found useful? c) If looking for a job in the near future, which, if any, would you look at?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	a) ever looked in	b) found useful	c) would use in future
	%	%	%
Fish4jobs.co.uk	18	8	19
Guardian.co.uk/jobs	6	3	11
Jobs.com	6	2	11
Monster.co.uk	8	3	11
Gojobsite.co.uk	5	3	10
Jobs.ac.uk	5	2	10
Total jobs.co.uk	5	2	9
topjobs.co.uk	4	1	8
Jobsgopublic.com	2	1	7
Not stated	73	85	73

Q23 Have you personally ever encountered any unfairness or discrimination when looking or applying for a job?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Yes	15
No	71
Don't Know	11
Not stated	4

Q23b (IF YES) Can you please describe your experience? What happened and why you think it happened to you?

Base: 276

	%
Ageism/too old	18
Ageism (not stated)	15
Ethnic/race/nationality	7
Overqualified	5
Gender/job for men	4
Candidate already chosen/earmarked	4
Gender/job for women	3
Family commitments	3
Ageism/too young	2
Religion	2
Discriminated because of disability	2
Accent	2
Long term problem/illness	2
Appearance (overweight/style of dress/hair/tattoos)	2
Lack of experience	2
Favouritism/face fits/friends employed	2
Look at qualifications rather than experience	1
Sexuality	1
Felt threatened by own experience/knowledge	1
Other	22
Not stated	8

Q24 Are you?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Male	53
Female	47

Q25 How old are you?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Under 20	7
20-24	9
25-34	18
35-44	27
45-54	23
55-64	14

Q26 In which of the following regions do you live?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
London	12
South East	14
South West	9
East Anglia	9
East Midlands	7
West Midlands	9
Yorkshire & Humberside	9
North East	4
North West	12
Wales	5
Scotland	9
Not stated	1

Q27 Do you have children in one or more of the following age groups?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Children aged 0-4	13
Children aged 5-10	17
Children aged 11-15	17
Children aged 16 and over	32
Have no children	37
Not stated	3

Q28 Which, if any, of these qualifications is the highest that you have obtained to date?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
O-Level/GCSE	19
Vocational Qualifications (NVQ1+2)	9
A-level or equivalent (NVQ3)	15
University degree or diploma or equivalent (NVQ4)	22
Higher university degree/Doctorate/MBA or equivalent	8
Other	11
No formal qualifications	13
Don't know	2
Not stated	1

Q29 What is your ethnic group? Choose one selection, and then tick the appropriate box to indicate your ethnic background.

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
White	91
British	85
Irish	1
Any other White background.Please state ...	4
Asian or Asian British	3
Bangladeshi	*
Pakistani	1
Indian	2
Any other Asian background.Please state ...	1
Black or Black British	3
African	1
Caribbean	2
Any other Black background.Please state ...	*
Chinese	*
Mixed	1
White and Black Caribbean	*
White and Asian	*
White and Black African	0
Any other mixed background.Please state ...	*
Other ethnic group.Please state ...	*

Q30 The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 defines a disability as a physical or mental impairment, which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on your ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. Do you consider yourself to have a disability? (If yes) Which of the following describes your disability?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Yes	9
No	89
Not stated	2
Yes (152)	%
Co-ordination, dexterity or mobility	42
Hearing	12
Learning difficulties	3
Mental health	15
Speech	6
Visual (not including wearing glasses or contact lenses)	6
Other	21
Not stated	10

Q31 Are you?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Church of England	40
Catholic	10
Other Christian denomination	5
Protestant	4
Church of Scotland	3
Muslim	2
Baptist	1
Hindu	1
Buddhist	*
Jewish	*
Sikh	*
None	24
Other	4
I'd rather not say	3
Not stated	1

Q32 Are you?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Heterosexual	76
Gay man	5
Bisexual	3
Lesbian	1
I'd rather not say	4
Not stated	11

Q33 Could you please tell me which of the following describes your current job?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
MAINLY NON-MANUAL(e.g. office worker, professional, manager)	55
Higher professional and senior management	7
Manager or technical and intermediate professional	17
Other professional/non-manual	24
Don't know but non-manual	8
MAINLY MANUAL(e.g. builder, craftsperson, factory worker)	41
Skilled Manual	16
Partly-skilled manual	11
Unskilled manual	9
Don't know, but manual	5
Not stated	4

Q34 If management, how many people are you responsible for?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
0	14
1-4	10
4-9	6
10-19	5
20+	4
Not stated	61

Q35 Which of these descriptions applies to your current occupational status?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Paid full-time work (30+ hrs per week)	65
Paid part-time work (8 -29 hrs per week)	23
Waiting to start job you have already been offered	1
Unemployed, wanting work	8
Full-time education	1
Retired from paid work	1
Not stated	2

Q36 (For those in full or part time work). What sort of employment contract do you have?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Permanent	76
Fixed term -- year or more	5
Fixed term -- less than a year	2
Freelance / Agency / Casual	5
Other	3
Don't know	3
Not stated	7

Q37 (For those in full or part time work). How many employees does your current employer have in the UK?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
less than 10	10
10 - 49	12
50 - 99	6
100 - 499	11
500 - 999	8
1000+	36
Don't know	12
Not stated	5

Q38 What is your gross personal annual salary (i.e. before tax)

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Less than 16310,000	25
16310,000 - 14,999	18
16315,000 - 19,999	16
16320,000 - 16329,999	18
16330,000 - 16339,999	8
16340,000 - 49,999	2
16350,000 - 74,999	1
16375,000 or more	*
No earned income	4
Not stated	7

Q39 Which daily newspapers, if any, have you read in the past 7 days?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
The Sun	27
Daily Mail	18
The Mirror	16
The Guardian	9
The Times	9
Daily Express	8
The Star	8
Metro	8
Daily Telegraph	6
Evening Standard	5
The Independent	5
Financial Times	3
The Herald	2
The Scotsman	1
Any regional daily newspaper	28
Don't read daily newspapers	17
Don't know	*
Not stated	5

Q40 Which Sunday newspapers, if any, have you read in the last 4 weeks?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
News of the World	24
Mail on Sunday	18
Sunday Mirror	11
Sunday Times	10
The People	8
The Observer	6
Sunday Telegraph	5
Independent on Sunday	4
Scotland on Sunday	1
The Business	1
Sunday Herald	1
Any regional Sunday newspaper	8
Don't read Sunday newspapers	25
Don't know	1
Not stated	12

Q41 Which of the following web sites, if any, have you accessed in the last 4 weeks?

Base: All respondents (1,804)

	%
Google	34
Yahoo	28
BBC	24
Ask Jeeves	22
Amazon	17
Friends Reunited	17
MSN	17
eBay	15
Freeserve	15
AOL	12
Lastminute	8
Lycos	7
Guardian Unlimited	5
Virgin	4
Asian Online	1
Blackbritain	1
Disability now Clickwalla	1
Fiftyon	1
Handbag	1
iVillage	1
Jobability	1
Rainbow Network	1
China Town Online	*
Clickwalla	*
The Voice Online	*
Totally Jewish	*
Youreable	*
Not stated	38

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Two-thirds of Britons disagree the Conservative Party is ready to form the next government
New data from Ipsos’ latest Political Monitor, taken before the Labour and Conservative Party conferences, shows the public are deeply sceptical about the Conservatives returning to government.
08.10.25

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Two-thirds of Britons disagree the Conservative Party is ready to form the next government